Visual-language assistant with LLaVA and OpenVINO Generative API

This Jupyter notebook can be launched after a local installation only.

LLaVA (Large Language and Vision Assistant) is large multimodal model that aims to develop a general-purpose visual assistant that can follow both language and image instructions to complete various real-world tasks. The idea is to combine the power of large language models (LLMs) with vision encoders like CLIP to create an end-to-end trained neural assistant that understands and acts upon multimodal instructions.

In the field of artificial intelligence, the goal is to create a versatile assistant capable of understanding and executing tasks based on both visual and language inputs. Current approaches often rely on large vision models that solve tasks independently, with language only used to describe image content. While effective, these models have fixed interfaces with limited interactivity and adaptability to user instructions. On the other hand, large language models (LLMs) have shown promise as a universal interface for general-purpose assistants. By explicitly representing various task instructions in language, these models can be guided to switch and solve different tasks. To extend this capability to the multimodal domain, the LLaVA paper introduces `visual instruction-tuning, a novel approach to building a general-purpose visual assistant.

In this tutorial we consider how to use LLaVA model to build multimodal chatbot using OpenVINO GenAI. For demonstration purposes we will use LLaVA-1.5-7B model for conversion, similar steps required to run other models from LLaVA Model Zoo.

• Install prerequisites

• Convert model to OpenVINO Intermediate Representation format using Optimum Intel

• Compress model weights to 4 and 8 bits using NNCF

• Prepare OpenVINO GenAI inference pipeline

• Run OpenVINO model

Table of contents:

• About model

• Prerequisites

• Convert and Optimize Model

  • Convert model to OpenVINO IR format using Optimum CLI

  • Compress Model weights to 4 and 8 bits using NNCF

• Prepare OpenVINO GenAI inference pipeline

  • Select inference device

  • Select model variant

  • Load OpenVINO model

• Run model inference

  • Prepare input data

  • Test model inference

• Interactive demo

Installation Instructions

This is a self-contained example that relies solely on its own code.

We recommend running the notebook in a virtual environment. You only need a Jupyter server to start. For details, please refer to Installation Guide.

About model

LLaVA connects pre-trained CLIP ViT-L/14 visual encoder and large language model like Vicuna, LLaMa v2 or MPT, using a simple projection matrix

vlp_matrix.png

Model training procedure consists of 2 stages:

• Stage 1: Pre-training for Feature Alignment. Only the projection matrix is updated, based on a subset of CC3M.

• Stage 2: Fine-tuning End-to-End.. Both the projection matrix and LLM are updated for two different use scenarios:

  • Visual Chat: LLaVA is fine-tuned on our generated multimodal instruction-following data for daily user-oriented applications.

  • Science QA: LLaVA is fine-tuned on this multimodal reasoning dataset for the science domain.

More details about model can be found in original project web-page, paper and repo.

Prerequisites

Install required dependencies

from pathlib import Path
import requests

%pip install -q "torch>=2.1.0" "torchvision" "torchaudio" --index-url https://download.pytorch.org/whl/cpu
%pip install -q "git+https://github.com/eaidova/optimum-intel.git@ea/minicpmv"
%pip install -q  "nncf>=2.13.0"  "sentencepiece" "tokenizers>=0.12.1" "transformers>=4.45.0" "gradio>=4.36"
%pip install -q -U --pre --extra-index-url https://storage.openvinotoolkit.org/simple/wheels/nightly openvino-tokenizers openvino openvino-genai


utility_files = ["notebook_utils.py", "cmd_helper.py"]

for utility in utility_files:
    local_path = Path(utility)
    if not local_path.exists():
        r = requests.get(
            url=f"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openvinotoolkit/openvino_notebooks/latest/utils/{local_path.name}",
        )
    with local_path.open("w") as f:
        f.write(r.text)

Convert and Optimize Model

Our model conversion and optimization consist of following steps: 1. Download original PyTorch model. 2. Convert model to OpenVINO format. 3. Compress model weights using NNCF.

Let’s consider each step more deeply.

Convert model to OpenVINO IR format using Optimum CLI

OpenVINO supports PyTorch models via conversion to OpenVINO Intermediate Representation format. For convenience, we will use OpenVINO integration with HuggingFace Optimum. Optimum Intel is the interface between the Transformers and Diffusers libraries and the different tools and libraries provided by Intel to accelerate end-to-end pipelines on Intel architectures.

Among other use cases, Optimum Intel provides a simple interface to optimize your Transformers and Diffusers models, convert them to the OpenVINO Intermediate Representation (IR) format and run inference using OpenVINO Runtime. optimum-cli provides command line interface for model conversion and optimization.

General command format:

optimum-cli export openvino --model <model_id_or_path> --task <task> <output_dir>

where task is task to export the model for, if not specified, the task will be auto-inferred based on the model. You can find a mapping between tasks and model classes in Optimum TaskManager documentation. Additionally, you can specify weights compression using --weight-format argument with one of following options: fp32, fp16, int8 and int4. Fro int8 and int4 nncf will be used for weight compression. More details about model export provided in Optimum Intel documentation.

from cmd_helper import optimum_cli

model_id = "llava-hf/llava-1.5-7b-hf"
model_path = Path(model_id.split("/")[-1]) / "FP16"

if not model_path.exists():
    optimum_cli(model_id, model_path, additional_args={"weight-format": "fp16"})

Compress Model weights to 4 and 8 bits using NNCF

For reducing memory consumption, weights compression optimization can be applied using NNCF. Weight compression aims to reduce the memory footprint of a model. It can also lead to significant performance improvement for large memory-bound models, such as Large Language Models (LLMs). LLMs and other models, which require extensive memory to store the weights during inference, can benefit from weight compression in the following ways:

• enabling the inference of exceptionally large models that cannot be accommodated in the memory of the device;

• improving the inference performance of the models by reducing the latency of the memory access when computing the operations with weights, for example, Linear layers.

Neural Network Compression Framework (NNCF) provides 4-bit / 8-bit mixed weight quantization as a compression method primarily designed to optimize LLMs. The main difference between weights compression and full model quantization (post-training quantization) is that activations remain floating-point in the case of weights compression which leads to a better accuracy. Weight compression for LLMs provides a solid inference performance improvement which is on par with the performance of the full model quantization. In addition, weight compression is data-free and does not require a calibration dataset, making it easy to use.

nncf.compress_weights function can be used for performing weights compression. The function accepts an OpenVINO model and other compression parameters. Compared to INT8 compression, INT4 compression improves performance even more, but introduces a minor drop in prediction quality.

More details about weights compression, can be found in OpenVINO documentation.

import ipywidgets as widgets

compression_mode = widgets.Dropdown(
    options=["INT4", "INT8"],
    value="INT4",
    description="Compression mode:",
    disabled=False,
)

compression_mode

Dropdown(description='Compression mode:', options=('INT4', 'INT8'), value='INT4')

import shutil
import nncf
import openvino as ov
import gc

core = ov.Core()


def compress_model_weights(precision):
    int4_compression_config = {
        "mode": nncf.CompressWeightsMode.INT4_ASYM,
        "group_size": 128,
        "ratio": 1,
    }
    int8_compression_config = {"mode": nncf.CompressWeightsMode.INT8_ASYM}

    compressed_model_path = model_path.parent / precision

    if not compressed_model_path.exists():
        ov_model = core.read_model(model_path / "openvino_language_model.xml")
        compression_config = int4_compression_config if precision == "INT4" else int8_compression_config
        compressed_ov_model = nncf.compress_weights(ov_model, **compression_config)
        ov.save_model(compressed_ov_model, compressed_model_path / "openvino_language_model.xml")
        del compressed_ov_model
        del ov_model
        gc.collect()
        for file_name in model_path.glob("*"):
            if file_name.name in ["openvino_language_model.xml", "openvino_language_model.bin"]:
                continue
            shutil.copy(file_name, compressed_model_path)


compress_model_weights(compression_mode.value)

INFO:nncf:NNCF initialized successfully. Supported frameworks detected: torch, onnx, openvino

Prepare OpenVINO GenAI inference pipeline

OpenVINO™ GenAI is a library of the most popular Generative AI model pipelines, optimized execution methods, and samples that run on top of highly performant OpenVINO Runtime.

This library is friendly to PC and laptop execution, and optimized for resource consumption. It requires no external dependencies to run generative models as it already includes all the core functionality (e.g. tokenization via openvino-tokenizers). OpenVINO™ GenAI is a flavor of OpenVINO™, aiming to simplify running inference of generative AI models. It hides the complexity of the generation process and minimizes the amount of code required.

Inference Visual language models can be implemented using OpenVINO GenAI VLMPipeline class. Similarly to LLMPipeline, that we discussed in this notebook. It supports chat mode with preserving conversational history inside pipeline, that allows us effectively implements chatbot that supports conversation about provided images content.

from openvino_genai import VLMPipeline, GenerationConfig

Select inference device

Select device from dropdown list for running inference using OpenVINO.

from notebook_utils import device_widget

device = device_widget(exclude=["NPU"])

device

Dropdown(description='Device:', index=1, options=('CPU', 'AUTO'), value='AUTO')

Select model variant

model_base_path = model_path.parent
available_models = []

for precision in ["INT4", "INT8", "FP16"]:
    if (model_base_path / precision).exists():
        available_models.append(precision)

model_variant = widgets.Dropdown(
    options=available_models,
    value=available_models[0],
    description="Compression mode:",
    disabled=False,
)

model_variant

Dropdown(description='Compression mode:', options=('INT4', 'FP16'), value='INT4')

Load OpenVINO model

For pipeline initialization we should provide path to model directory and inference device.

ov_model = VLMPipeline(str(model_base_path / model_variant.value), device=device.value)

Run model inference

Now, when we have model and defined generation pipeline, we can run model inference.

Prepare input data

For preparing input data, VLMPipeline use tokenizer and image processor inside, we just need to convert image to input OpenVINO tensor and provide question as string. Additionally, we can provides options for controlling generation process (e.g. number of maximum generated tokens or using multinomial sampling for decoding instead of greedy search approach) using GenerationConfig.

Generation process for long response may be time consuming, for accessing partial result as soon as it is generated without waiting when whole process finished, Streaming API can be used. Token streaming is the mode in which the generative system returns the tokens one by one as the model generates them. This enables showing progressive generations to the user rather than waiting for the whole generation. Streaming is an essential aspect of the end-user experience as it reduces latency, one of the most critical aspects of a smooth experience.

import requests
from PIL import Image
from io import BytesIO
import numpy as np

config = GenerationConfig()
config.max_new_tokens = 100


def load_image(image_file):
    if image_file.startswith("http") or image_file.startswith("https"):
        response = requests.get(image_file)
        image = Image.open(BytesIO(response.content)).convert("RGB")
    else:
        image = Image.open(image_file).convert("RGB")
    image_data = np.array(image.getdata()).reshape(1, 3, image.size[1], image.size[0]).astype(np.byte)
    return image, ov.Tensor(image_data)


def streamer(subword: str) -> bool:
    """

    Args:
        subword: sub-word of the generated text.

    Returns: Return flag corresponds whether generation should be stopped.

    """
    print(subword, end="", flush=True)


image_file = "https://github.com/openvinotoolkit/openvino_notebooks/assets/29454499/d5fbbd1a-d484-415c-88cb-9986625b7b11"

image, image_tensor = load_image(image_file)
text_message = "What is unusual on this image?"

prompt = text_message

Test model inference

display(image)
print(f"Question:\n{text_message}")
print("Answer:")
output = ov_model.generate(prompt, image=image_tensor, generation_config=config, streamer=streamer)

Question:
What is unusual on this image?
Answer:

The unusual aspect of this image is that a cat is lying inside a cardboard box. Cats are known for their curiosity and love for small, enclosed spaces. However, it is not a common sight to see a cat comfortably resting inside a cardboard box.

Interactive demo

if not Path("gradio_helper.py").exists():
    r = requests.get(url="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openvinotoolkit/openvino_notebooks/latest/notebooks/llava-multimodal-chatbot/gradio_helper.py")
    open("gradio_helper.py", "w").write(r.text)

from gradio_helper import make_demo_llava

demo = make_demo_llava(ov_model)

try:
    demo.launch(debug=False)
except Exception:
    demo.launch(share=True, debug=False)
# if you are launching remotely, specify server_name and server_port
# demo.launch(server_name='your server name', server_port='server port in int')
# Read more in the docs: https://gradio.app/docs/